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Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud has embarked on a trip to Ankara, Turkey, to participate in the third round of discussions with Ethiopian officials, according to the Somali National News Agency (SONNA). These talks, mediated by Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, aim to address a contentious dispute that threatens to destabilize the Horn of Africa.
If Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed attends, it would mark the first face-to-face engagement between the two leaders since Ethiopia unveiled plans for a port in Somalia’s breakaway region of Somaliland. This announcement has heightened tensions, with Mogadishu opposing Somaliland’s independence bid.
Ethiopia-Somaliland Agreement Sparks Controversy
Ethiopia’s proposal to recognize Somaliland’s independence in exchange for a strategic coastal strip has further fueled the disagreement. The landlocked nation seeks access to key maritime routes near the Red Sea and Indian Ocean, which has raised concerns about regional power dynamics.
The Somali government, which relies on Ethiopian military support against al-Shabab insurgents, has firmly rejected Somaliland’s aspirations for sovereignty. The dispute has also drawn Somalia closer to Ethiopia’s regional adversaries, including Egypt and Eritrea.
Turkey’s Role as Mediator
Turkey’s involvement underscores its growing influence in East Africa. As a mediator, Turkey hopes to foster dialogue and prevent further escalation. Somali President Mohamud’s attendance highlights the significance Mogadishu places on resolving this issue diplomatically.
Background on Somaliland’s Independence Bid
Since declaring independence in 1991, Somaliland has governed itself with relative stability but has struggled to gain international recognition. Its ongoing disputes with Mogadishu complicate efforts to attract foreign investment and secure regional partnerships.
Implications for Regional Stability
The Somali-Ethiopian disagreement could have far-reaching consequences for the Horn of Africa, a region already grappling with conflict, poverty, and climate challenges. Analysts warn that unresolved tensions could exacerbate instability, impacting economic development and security efforts.
Looking Ahead
As the Ankara talks progress, regional observers are watching closely to see if diplomatic efforts can ease tensions and pave the way for a more stable future in East Africa.